How is data encoded during the encoding process?

During the encoding process, data is transformed into a specific format that can be easily read and processed by computer systems. The correct choice indicates that data is converted into binary numbers, which is the fundamental way that all computer systems represent and manipulate information. Binary numbers, composed of zeros and ones, are the only language computers understand, making any encoding that translates data into this format essential for digital communication and processing.

While written documentation and cloud storage solutions are related to data management, they do not directly pertain to the encoding of data. Similarly, sending data via email pertains to a method of transmission rather than the transformation of the data itself. Therefore, the conversion of data into binary numbers is central to the encoding process and is the reason why it is the correct answer.